通过虚拟私有端点网关访问 VPC 集群

每个 VPC 集群都会自动创建一个虚拟私有端点(VPE)网关。如果授权用户连接到了同一 VPC 网络（例如通过 VPC VPN ），则可通过此端点访问集群主节点。

对于运行版本 4.13：如果您在创建集群时仅启用了私有云服务端点，则默认会使用 VPC 的 VPE 来访问 Red Hat OpenShift 组件，例如 Web 控制台或 OperatorHub。您必须连接到私有 VPC 网络才能访问这些组件。

准备工作

安装所需的命令行工具。
配置客户端到站点或站点到站点 VPN 连接到您的 VPC，并建立连接。

通过 VPE 网关访问 VPC 集群

使用 VPE 端点设置集群上下文。

ibmcloud oc cluster config -c CLUSTER_NAME_OR_ID --endpoint vpe

请使用以下任一方法登录到集群。
- 作为管理员：ibmcloud oc cluster config -c CLUSTER_NAME_OR_ID --admin --endpoint vpe
- 使用 API 密钥：请参阅 “通过自动化工具访问集群”。
- 使用密码：oc login -u passcode -p <iam_passcode> --server=https://<VPE_URL>:<port>
验证访问权限。
```
oc version
```

在其他 VPC 和账户中创建额外的 VPE 网关

除了为集群在其 VPC 中创建的 VPE 网关外，您还可以为该集群创建其他 VPE 网关，以便允许其他 VPC、区域和账户通过私有网络进行访问。

必须通过 CLI 或 API 创建额外的 VPE 网关。创建后，可在 Web 用户界面中进行管理。
对于跨账户的 VPE 网关，您必须先在目标账户中创建授权。如需了解更多信息，请参阅控制台中“为跨账户 VPE 创建服务授权”一节。
无需中转网关或特殊路由。 VPE 网关负责处理到目标集群的路由。

以下步骤将向您展示如何创建跨账户 VPE 网关。

从目标集群中获取必要的信息。

将 ibmcloud target 设置为目标账户、区域和资源组。
获取现有的 VPE 网关信息。

    ibmcloud is endpoint-gateway iks-TARGET_CLUSTER_ID
    ```
1. 请注意**目标** CRN（格式：`crn:v1:bluemix:public:containers-kubernetes:REGION:a/TARGET_ACCOUNT:TARGET_CLUSTER_ID::` ）。

1. 请注意**服务端点**的主机名。

在源账户中创建新的 VPE 网关。

将 ibmcloud target 设置为源账户、区域和资源组。
请确认该 VPC 是否存在于此账户中。

    ibmcloud is vpcs
    ```
1. 创建 VPE 网关。

```sh {: pre}
    ibmcloud is endpoint-gateway-create --vpc SOURCE_VPC_NAME --target TARGET_CRN --name new-iks-TARGET_CLUSTER_ID --resource-group-name SOURCE_ACCOUNT_RESOURCE_GROUP
    ```
    `SOURCE_VPC_NAME`
    :   上一步骤中指定的 VPC 名称。

    `TARGET_CRN`
    :   目标集群的 VPE 网关的 CRN。

    `--name`
    :   您 VPE 网关的名称。

    `SOURCE_ACCOUNT_RESOURCE_GROUP`
    :   源账户中的资源组名称。

1. 如果出现错误“`Could not find service`”，请确认目标 CRN 是否正确。 如果正确，您需要在目标账户中创建授权。 请参阅 [控制台中“为跨账户 VPE 创建服务授权”一节](/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-ordering-cross-account-endpoint-gateway&interface=ui#cross-account-vpe-prerequisite-console)。

将预留 IP 地址添加到您的 VPE 网关中。

您必须添加至少一个保留 IP 地址。预留 IP 地址来自您的源 VPC 子网（每个区域最多一个），并将被添加到源 VPC 的私有 DNS 条目中。

为每个区域创建一个保留 IP 地址。

    ibmcloud is subnet-reserved-ip-create SOURCE_VPC_SUBNET_NAME --vpc SOURCE_VPC_NAME --name ANY_NAME_YOU_CHOOSE --auto-delete true --target VPE_GATEWAY_NAME
    ```
1. 可选：添加或修改安全组。 默认情况下，仅关联源 VPC 的默认安全组。 对于 VPE 网关，安全组仅保护入站流量。 确保安全组允许来自客户端的所有必要入站流量。

测试连接。

在源 VPC 中的 VSI 上，请使用与原始 VPE 网关相同的主机名。请在 “服务端点”列表中查找此项，或通过 ibmcloud ks cluster get -c CLUSTER_NAME 访问 VPE Gateway 属性。
验证连接是否正常。

    curl -k https://CLUSTERID...:XXXXX/version
    ```
1. 如果连接失败，请检查以下内容：

    * VSI 和 VPE 网关上的安全组允许必要的流量通过
    * VPC 访问控制列表（ACL）允许该流量通过
    * 目标集群上的基于上下文的限制（CBR）规则允许来自源 VPC 的私有流量（将源 VPC 中的三个 `Cloud Service Endpoint source addresses` 地址添加到私有 CBR 规则中）

目标账户示例

以下示例展示了在目标账户中运行的命令，用于收集有关集群及其 VPE 网关的信息。

请确认您选择的目标账户是否正确。

ibmcloud target

示例输出

API endpoint:     https://cloud.ibm.com
Region:           us-east
User:             user2@example.com
Account:          Target Account (9f8e7d6c5b4a321fedcba98765432222) <-> 2222222
Resource group:   default

请列出您的集群。

ibmcloud ks clusters

示例输出

OK
Name                     ID                     State    Created     Workers   Location        Version                  Resource Group Name   Provider
vpe-cross-account-test   c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077   normal   1 day ago   2         Washington DC   4.19.25_1572_openshift   default               vpc-gen2

获取 VPE 网关的详细信息。请记下目标 CRN 和服务端点。

ibmcloud is endpoint-gateway iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077

示例输出

Getting endpoint gateway iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077 under account Target Account as user user2@example.com...
ID                            r014-7a228b24-4bc4-416c-aede-7fda14e88d98   
Name                          iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077
CRN                           crn:v1:bluemix:public:is:us-east:a/9f8e7d6c5b4a321fedcba98765432222::endpoint-gateway:r014-7a228b24-4bc4-416c-aede-7fda14e88d98
Target                        CRN      
                              crn:v1:bluemix:public:containers-kubernetes:us-east:a/9f8e7d6c5b4a321fedcba98765432222:c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077::
DNS resolution binding mode   primary   
Target Type                   provider_cloud_service   
Target Remote                 ID                        Name   Resource type      
                              No target remote found.      
VPC                           ID                                          Name      
                              r014-464b4e54-48a8-4f6c-b10a-68edc6fd2be4   new-vpcgen2-default-sec-grp-wdc      
Private IPs                   ID                                          Name                                   Address       Subnet ID      
                              0757-3bd457cb-af5a-4ab6-b9bb-6e78d3eaf752   iks-useast1-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077-2e8   172.22.0.11   0757-0c981aa5-cb47-41d9-ab29-edee98b416f8
Service Endpoints             c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com
Lifecycle State               stable   
Health State                  ok   
Security groups               ID                                          Name      
                              r014-3873358e-3180-482b-927e-abcc300ecbf8   kube-vpegw-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077
Created                       2026-04-03T12:14:59-05:00   
Resource Group                default

可选：获取集群详细信息以查看 VPE 网关 URL。

ibmcloud ks cluster get -c c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077

示例输出

Retrieving cluster c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077...
OK
Name:                           vpe-cross-account-test
ID:                             c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077
State:                          normal
Status:                         All Workers Normal
Created:                        2026-04-03 11:56:38 -0500 (1 day ago)
Resource Group ID:              950cec30388441ce809ca0d18b5ca3bc
Resource Group Name:            default
Pod Subnet:                     172.17.0.0/18
Service Subnet:                 172.21.0.0/16
Workers:                        2
Worker Zones:                   us-east-1
Ingress Subdomain:              vpe-cross-account-test-354226545946e7ee0a2c700f061c1661-0000.us-east.containers.appdomain.cloud
Ingress Secret:                 vpe-cross-account-test-354226545946e7ee0a2c700f061c1661-0000
Ingress Status:                 healthy
Ingress Message:                All Ingress components are healthy.
Trusted Profile ID:             -
Public Service Endpoint URL:    https://c111-e.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com:31100
Private Service Endpoint URL:   https://c111.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com:31100
Pull Secrets:                   enabled in the default namespace
VPCs:                           r014-464b4e54-48a8-4f6c-b10a-68edc6fd2be4
VPE Gateway:                    https://c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com:31100
OAuth Server URL:               https://c111-e.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com:31264
Konnectivity Server URL:        https://c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com:30996
Secure By Default Networking:   enabled
Outbound Traffic Protection:    enabled
Master      
Status:     Ready (1 day ago)
State:      deployed
Health:     normal
Version:    4.19.25_1572_openshift
Location:   Washington DC
URL:        https://c111-e.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com:31100

源账户示例

以下示例展示了在源账户中执行的命令，用于创建一个连接到目标账户中集群的 VPE 网关。

请确认您选择的目标源账户是否正确。

ibmcloud target

示例输出

API endpoint:     https://cloud.ibm.com
Region:           us-south
User:             user1@example.com
Account:          Source Account (a1b2c3d4e5f6789abcdef01234561111) <-> 1111111
Resource group:   Default

列出您的 VPC。

ibmcloud is vpcs

示例输出

Listing vpcs in resource group Default and region us-south under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                                          Name                      Status      Classic access   Default network ACL                             Default security group                           Resource group   Health state   DNS Hub   DNS Resolver Type   
r006-6f450c4b-c808-40e7-9de6-c61c262a2ae9   dev-ansiblepr-vpc         available   false            vendor-paradox-ravioli-tank                     harmonica-hypnoses-tranquil-alkalize             Default          ok             false     system   
r006-bd06a98a-1183-42d2-810d-1c564eeb5f39   fvt-vpc-sdnlb-server-40   available   false            sloppy-program-venue-subsiding                  prattle-pension-wilt-recycled                    Default          ok             false     system   
r006-ecf65055-6868-4368-aa7c-48fc5ac29ff8   network-fvt-us-south      available   false            doorknob-baffle-quintet-poem                    spotted-sandpaper-auction-unluckily              Default          ok             false     system   
r006-4ff93772-cee9-4d64-9d87-d8b1b781e201   network-fvt-vpc-gen2      available   false            stegosaur-reach-boxlike-alone-stranger-uncork   earplugs-preface-county-juicy-sensitize-babied   Default          ok             false     system

使用目标账户的“目标 CRN”创建 VPE 网关。

ibmcloud is endpoint-gateway-create --vpc network-fvt-us-south --target crn:v1:bluemix:public:containers-kubernetes:us-east:a/9f8e7d6c5b4a321fedcba98765432222:c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077:: --name new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077 --resource-group-name Default

示例输出

Creating endpoint gateway new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077 in resource group Default under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                            r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2   
Name                          new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077
CRN                           crn:v1:bluemix:public:is:us-south:a/a1b2c3d4e5f6789abcdef01234561111::endpoint-gateway:r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2
Target                        CRN      
                              crn:v1:bluemix:public:containers-kubernetes:us-east:a/9f8e7d6c5b4a321fedcba98765432222:c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077::
DNS resolution binding mode   primary   
Target Type                   provider_cloud_service   
Target Remote                 ID                        Name   Resource type      
                              No target remote found.      
VPC                           ID                                          Name      
                              r006-ecf65055-6868-4368-aa7c-48fc5ac29ff8   network-fvt-us-south      
Private IPs                   -   
Service Endpoints             c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com
Lifecycle State               pending   
Health State                  ok   
Security groups               ID                                          Name      
                              r006-7ae081e2-743d-4046-b755-5ca9997ae077   spotted-sandpaper-auction-unluckily      
Created                       2026-04-04T18:17:12-05:00   
Resource Group                Default

列出子网，以确定哪些子网用于保留 IP 地址。

ibmcloud is subnets --vpc network-fvt-us-south

示例输出

Listing subnets in resource group Default and region us-south under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                                          Name                           Status      Subnet CIDR       Addresses   ACL                            Public Gateway                             VPC                    Zone         Resource group   
0717-04288f84-4aef-4938-9fa7-5544a40ba258   network-fvt-us-south-1-priv    available   10.240.0.0/24     251/256     doorknob-baffle-quintet-poem   -                                          network-fvt-us-south   us-south-1   Default   
0717-cdd4b20c-b48f-454b-b092-ad7aa14b39c8   network-fvt-us-south-1-pubgw   available   10.240.1.0/24     246/256     doorknob-baffle-quintet-poem   pgw-33eb53d0-74e4-11ee-a747-33927b3ab784   network-fvt-us-south   us-south-1   Default   
0727-8813de08-fffa-45e3-ae67-2ba70703866e   network-fvt-us-south-2-priv    available   10.240.64.0/24    250/256     doorknob-baffle-quintet-poem   -                                          network-fvt-us-south   us-south-2   Default   
0727-50b14707-c9f6-4f93-9f49-99de13c66161   network-fvt-us-south-2-pubgw   available   10.240.65.0/24    251/256     doorknob-baffle-quintet-poem   pgw-34fe4a70-74e4-11ee-a747-33927b3ab784   network-fvt-us-south   us-south-2   Default   
0737-7a644374-f121-44c1-b216-5fd94c0362b2   network-fvt-us-south-3-priv    available   10.240.128.0/24   251/256     doorknob-baffle-quintet-poem   -                                          network-fvt-us-south   us-south-3   Default   
0737-71a34942-304c-4419-9205-3714a3574962   network-fvt-us-south-3-pubgw   available   10.240.129.0/24   251/256     doorknob-baffle-quintet-poem   pgw-36088e80-74e4-11ee-a747-33927b3ab784   network-fvt-us-south   us-south-3   Default

在第一个区域中创建一个保留 IP 地址，并将其绑定到 VPE 网关上。

ibmcloud is subnet-reserved-ip-create network-fvt-us-south-1-pubgw --vpc network-fvt-us-south --name reserved-ip-for-us-south-1 --auto-delete true --target new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077

示例输出

Creating reserved IP in subnet network-fvt-us-south-1-pubgw under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                0717-685e1410-2fa1-4e7a-a4e5-27a097ec7a7a   
Name              reserved-ip-for-us-south-1   
Address           0.0.0.0   
Auto delete       true   
Owner             user   
Created           2026-04-04T18:18:51-05:00   
Lifecycle state   pending   
Target            ID                                          Name                           Resource type      CRN      
                  r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2   new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077   endpoint_gateway   crn:v1:bluemix:public:is:us-south:a/a1b2c3d4e5f6789abcdef01234561111::endpoint-gateway:r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2

请确认已添加预留的 IP 地址。

ibmcloud is eg new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077

示例输出

Getting endpoint gateway new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077 under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                            r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2   
Name                          new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077
CRN                           crn:v1:bluemix:public:is:us-south:a/a1b2c3d4e5f6789abcdef01234561111::endpoint-gateway:r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2
Target                        CRN      
                              crn:v1:bluemix:public:containers-kubernetes:us-east:a/9f8e7d6c5b4a321fedcba98765432222:c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077::
DNS resolution binding mode   primary   
Target Type                   provider_cloud_service   
Target Remote                 ID                        Name   Resource type      
                              No target remote found.      
VPC                           ID                                          Name      
                              r006-ecf65055-6868-4368-aa7c-48fc5ac29ff8   network-fvt-us-south      
Private IPs                   ID                                          Name                         Address      Subnet ID      
                              0717-685e1410-2fa1-4e7a-a4e5-27a097ec7a7a   reserved-ip-for-us-south-1   10.240.1.5   0717-cdd4b20c-b48f-454b-b092-ad7aa14b39c8      
Service Endpoints             c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com
Lifecycle State               stable   
Health State                  ok   
Security groups               ID                                          Name      
                              r006-7ae081e2-743d-4046-b755-5ca9997ae077   spotted-sandpaper-auction-unluckily      
Created                       2026-04-04T18:17:12-05:00   
Resource Group                Default

在第二个区域中创建一个保留 IP 地址，并将其关联到 VPE 网关。

ibmcloud is subnet-reserved-ip-create network-fvt-us-south-2-pubgw --vpc network-fvt-us-south --name reserved-ip-for-us-south-2 --auto-delete true --target new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077

示例输出

Creating reserved IP in subnet network-fvt-us-south-2-pubgw under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                0727-d315d943-c501-4f69-823d-bb82a2b13b29   
Name              reserved-ip-for-us-south-2   
Address           0.0.0.0   
Auto delete       true   
Owner             user   
Created           2026-04-04T18:19:24-05:00   
Lifecycle state   pending   
Target            ID                                          Name                           Resource type      CRN      
                  r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2   new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077   endpoint_gateway   crn:v1:bluemix:public:is:us-south:a/a1b2c3d4e5f6789abcdef01234561111::endpoint-gateway:r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2

在第三个区域中创建一个保留 IP 地址，并将其绑定到 VPE 网关上。

ibmcloud is subnet-reserved-ip-create network-fvt-us-south-3-pubgw --vpc network-fvt-us-south --name reserved-ip-for-us-south-3 --auto-delete true --target new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077

示例输出

Creating reserved IP in subnet network-fvt-us-south-3-pubgw under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                0737-afbebd9f-02bd-4b9a-be90-5bacf9836041   
Name              reserved-ip-for-us-south-3   
Address           0.0.0.0   
Auto delete       true   
Owner             user   
Created           2026-04-04T18:19:32-05:00   
Lifecycle state   pending   
Target            ID                                          Name                           Resource type      CRN      
                  r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2   new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077   endpoint_gateway   crn:v1:bluemix:public:is:us-south:a/a1b2c3d4e5f6789abcdef01234561111::endpoint-gateway:r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2

请确认所有已预留的 IP 地址均已添加。

ibmcloud is eg new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077

示例输出

Getting endpoint gateway new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077 under account Source Account as user user1@example.com...
ID                            r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2   
Name                          new-iks-c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077
CRN                           crn:v1:bluemix:public:is:us-south:a/a1b2c3d4e5f6789abcdef01234561111::endpoint-gateway:r006-2009f147-768a-4f6a-b8fa-75f20456cec2
Target                        CRN      
                              crn:v1:bluemix:public:containers-kubernetes:us-east:a/9f8e7d6c5b4a321fedcba98765432222:c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077::
DNS resolution binding mode   primary   
Target Type                   provider_cloud_service   
Target Remote                 ID                        Name   Resource type      
                              No target remote found.      
VPC                           ID                                          Name      
                              r006-ecf65055-6868-4368-aa7c-48fc5ac29ff8   network-fvt-us-south      
Private IPs                   ID                                          Name                         Address        Subnet ID      
                              0737-afbebd9f-02bd-4b9a-be90-5bacf9836041   reserved-ip-for-us-south-3   10.240.129.5   0737-71a34942-304c-4419-9205-3714a3574962      
                              0717-685e1410-2fa1-4e7a-a4e5-27a097ec7a7a   reserved-ip-for-us-south-1   10.240.1.5     0717-cdd4b20c-b48f-454b-b092-ad7aa14b39c8      
                              0727-d315d943-c501-4f69-823d-bb82a2b13b29   reserved-ip-for-us-south-2   10.240.65.5    0727-50b14707-c9f6-4f93-9f49-99de13c66161      
Service Endpoints             c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com
Lifecycle State               stable   
Health State                  ok   
Security groups               ID                                          Name      
                              r006-7ae081e2-743d-4046-b755-5ca9997ae077   spotted-sandpaper-auction-unluckily      
Created                       2026-04-04T18:17:12-05:00   
Resource Group                Default

从源VPC中的VSI测试连接。

curl -k https://c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com:31100/version

示例输出

{
  "major": "1",
  "minor": "32",
  "gitVersion": "v1.32.12",
  "gitCommit": "9b706b45b52a0c8bb05847295ee98ffccbabba32",
  "gitTreeState": "clean",
  "buildDate": "2026-02-19T13:30:47Z",
  "goVersion": "go1.23.10 (Red Hat 1.23.10-10.el9) X:strictfipsruntime",
  "compiler": "gc",
  "platform": "linux/amd64"
}

验证主机名是否解析为一个保留的 IP 地址。

dig +short c8m5n3p2q4x6z1w7y077.vpe.private.us-east.containers.cloud.ibm.com

示例输出

10.240.65.5