Why does my app fail when a non-root user owns the NFS file storage mount path?

Classic infrastructure

After you add NFS storage to your deployment, the deployment of your container fails. When you retrieve the logs for your container, you might see errors such as the following. The pod fails and is stuck in a reload cycle.

write-permission

don't have required permission

can't create directory '/bitnami/mariadb/data': Permission denied

By default, non-root users don't have write permission on the volume mount path for NFS-backed storage. Some common app images, such as Jenkins and Nexus3, specify a non-root user that owns the mount path in the Dockerfile.

When you create a container from this Dockerfile, the creation of the container fails due to insufficient permissions of the non-root user on the mount path. To grant write permission, you can modify the Dockerfile to temporarily add the non-root user to the root user group before it changes the mount path permissions, or use an init container.

If you use a Helm chart to deploy the image, edit the Helm deployment to use an init container.

When you include an init container in your deployment, you can give a non-root user that is specified in your Dockerfile write permissions for the volume mount path inside the container.

The init container starts before your app container starts. The init container creates the volume mount path inside the container, changes the mount path to be owned by the correct (non-root) user, and closes. Then, your app container starts with the non-root user that must write to the mount path. Because the path is already owned by the non-root user, writing to the mount path is successful. If you don't want to use an init container, you can modify the Dockerfile to add non-root user access to NFS file storage.

Before you begin: Log in to your account. If applicable, target the appropriate resource group. Set the context for your cluster.

Open the Dockerfile for your app and get the user ID (UID) and group ID (GID) from the user that you want to give writer permission on the volume mount path. In the example from a Jenkins Dockerfile, the information is:

UID: 1000
GID: 1000

Example Dockerfile

FROM openjdk:8-jdk

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y git curl && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

ARG user=jenkins
ARG group=jenkins
ARG uid=1000
ARG gid=1000
ARG http_port=8080
ARG agent_port=50000

ENV JENKINS_HOME /var/jenkins_home
ENV JENKINS_SLAVE_AGENT_PORT ${agent_port}
...

Add persistent storage to your app by creating a persistent volume claim (PVC). This example uses the ibmc-file-bronze storage class. To review available storage classes, run kubectl get storageclasses.

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: mypvc
  annotations:
    volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "ibmc-file-bronze"
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 20Gi

Create the PVC.
```
kubectl apply -f mypvc.yaml
```

In your deployment .yaml file, add the init container. Include the UID and GID that you previously retrieved.

initContainers:
- name: initcontainer # Or replace the name
  image: alpine:latest
  command: ["/bin/sh", "-c"]
  args:
    - chown <UID>:<GID> /mount; # Replace UID and GID with values from the Dockerfile
  volumeMounts:
  - name: volume # Or you can replace with any name
    mountPath: /mount # Must match the mount path in the args line

Review the following example Jenkins deployment.

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: my-pod
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: jenkins      
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: jenkins
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: jenkins
        image: jenkins
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/jenkins_home
          name: volume
      volumes:
      - name: volume
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: mypvc
      initContainers:
      - name: permissionsfix
        image: alpine:latest
        command: ["/bin/sh", "-c"]
        args:
          - chown 1000:1000 /mount;
        volumeMounts:
        - name: volume
          mountPath: /mount

Create the pod and mount the PVC to your pod.
```
kubectl apply -f my-pod.yaml
```

Verify that the volume is successfully mounted to your pod. Note the pod name and Containers/Mounts path.

kubectl describe pod <my-pod>

Example output

Name:       mypod-123456789
Namespace:    default
...
Init Containers:
...
Mounts:
    /mount from volume (rw)
    /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-cp9f0 (ro)
...
Containers:
    jenkins:
    Container ID:
    Image:        jenkins
    Image ID:
    Port:          <none>
    State:        Waiting
        Reason:        PodInitializing
    Ready:        False
    Restart Count:    0
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:
        /var/jenkins_home from volume (rw)
        /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-cp9f0 (ro)
...
Volumes:
    myvol:
    Type:    PersistentVolumeClaim (a reference to a PersistentVolumeClaim in the same namespace)
    ClaimName:    mypvc
    ReadOnly:      false

Verify the permissions of your container's mount path. In the example, the mount path is /var/jenkins_home.

ls -ln /var/jenkins_home

Example output

jenkins@mypod-123456789:/$ ls -ln /var/jenkins_home
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000  102 Mar  9 19:58 copy_reference_file.log
drwxr-xr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Mar  9 19:58 init.groovy.d
drwxr-xr-x 9 1000 1000 4096 Mar  9 20:16 war

This output shows that the GID and UID from your Dockerfile (in this example, 1000 and 1000) own the mount path inside the container.