分配对目录的访问权

作为帐户所有者，您将根据用户正在执行的任务向其分配特定目录管理访问权。要简化分配访问权的过程，您可以使用访问组将一组用户组织到单个实体中。这样，您可以一次性将单个策略分配给组，然后根据需要在组中添加或除去用户。

有关更多详细信息，请参阅在 IBM Cloud中管理访问权。

在控制台中设置访问组

请参阅以下部分，以获取有关创建访问组以及向每个访问组分配特定 IAM 策略的详细信息。

控制台管理员权限

需要管理员访问权才能将帐户级别过滤器设置为 IBM Cloud 目录。

登录到 IBM Cloud 帐户。
转至 IBM Cloud 控制台中的管理 > 访问 (IAM) > 访问组。
单击创建。
输入 private-catalog-admins 作为组名，然后单击创建。
点击 “访问”> “分配访问权限”。
从服务列表中选择 目录管理。
选择您希望用户访问的目录。
在“平台访问”部分，选择 “管理员”角色。
单击添加 > 分配。

控制台中的编辑权限

需要编辑者访问权才能创建专用目录，在专用目录级别设置过滤器，将软件添加到专用目录以及更新，废弃和复原软件。

转至 访问组，然后单击创建。
输入 private-catalog-editors 作为组名，然后单击创建。
点击 “访问”> “分配访问权限”。
从服务列表中选择 目录管理。
选择您希望用户访问的目录。
在“平台访问”部分，选择 “编辑”角色。
单击添加。
从服务列表中选择 Kubernetes Service。
选择集群，然后选择 管理员 和 管理者 角色。
单击添加。
从服务列表中选择 Schematics。
选择经理角色。
单击添加 > 分配。

控制台中的查看器访问权限

查看专用目录，已过滤的 IBM Cloud 目录以及过滤器设置需要查看者访问权。

转至 访问组，然后单击创建。
输入 private-catalog-viewers 作为组名，然后单击创建。
点击 “访问”> “分配访问权限”。
从服务列表中选择 目录管理。
选择您希望用户访问的目录。
在“平台访问权”部分中，选择 查看者 角色。
单击添加 > 分配。

您还需要对专用目录所分配到的资源组具有查看者访问权。完成创建专用目录的步骤时，可以将专用目录分配给资源组。有关更多信息，请参阅为所有帐户用户定制 IBM Cloud 目录。

要分配对专用目录的资源组的查看者访问权，请执行以下步骤:

在控制台中向访问组添加用户

设置访问组后，请完成以下步骤以将用户添加到组:

转至用户，然后单击 邀请用户。
指定用户的电子邮件地址。如果是使用单个邀请来邀请多个用户，那么将为所有用户分配相同的访问权。
选择您先前创建的三个访问组之一，然后单击添加 > 邀请。
重复这些步骤以将用户添加到其他访问组。

或者，您可以通过向访问组添加可信概要文件来授予用户访问权。有关更多信息，请参阅什么是好的可信概要文件策略? 和创建可信概要文件。

使用CLI设置访问组

要分配访问权，请运行 ibmcloud iam user-policy-create 命令。

使用CLI进行管理员访问

运行以下命令以分配管理员访问权:

ibmcloud iam user-policy-create USER_NAME --roles Administrator --service-name globalcatalog-collection

使用CLI编辑访问

运行以下命令以分配编辑者访问权:

ibmcloud iam user-policy-create USER_NAME --roles Editor --service-name globalcatalog-collection

使用CLI访问查看器

运行以下命令以设置查看者访问权:

ibmcloud iam user-policy-create USER_NAME --roles Viewer --service-name globalcatalog-collection

使用 CLI 将用户添加到访问组

要使用 CLI 将用户添加到访问组，请运行 ibmcloud iam access-group-user-add 命令。

ibmcloud iam access-group-user-add GROUP_NAME USER_NAME [USER_NAME2...]

例如，以下命令将用户 name@example.com 添加到 example_group 访问组。

ibmcloud iam access-group-user-add example_group name@example.com

或者，您可以通过向访问组添加可信概要文件来授予用户访问权。有关更多信息，请参阅什么是好的可信概要文件策略? 和创建可信概要文件。

使用API设置访问组

要分配访问权，请调用 IAM 策略管理 API，如以下示例中所示。将 role_id vaiable 替换为要分配的角色: Viewer，Editor 或 Administrator。

curl -X POST 'https://iam.cloud.ibm.com/v1/policies' -H 'Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{
  "type": "access",
  "description": "Editor role for SERVICE_NAME RESOURCE_NAME",
  "subjects": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "iam_id",
          "value": "IBMid-123453user"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "roles":[
    {
      "role_id": "crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Editor"
    }
  ],
  "resources":[
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "accountId",
          "value": "$ACCOUNT_ID"
        },
        {
          "name": "serviceName",
          "value": "$SERVICE_NAME"
        },
        {
          "name": "resource",
          "value": "$RESOURCE_NAME",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}'

SubjectAttribute subjectAttribute = new SubjectAttribute.Builder()
        .name("iam_id")
        .value(EXAMPLE_USER_ID)
        .build();

PolicySubject policySubjects = new PolicySubject.Builder()
        .addAttributes(subjectAttribute)
        .build();

PolicyRole policyRoles = new PolicyRole.Builder()
        .roleId("crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer")
        .build();

ResourceAttribute accountIdResourceAttribute = new ResourceAttribute.Builder()
        .name("accountId")
        .value(exampleAccountId)
        .operator("stringEquals")
        .build();

ResourceAttribute serviceNameResourceAttribute = new ResourceAttribute.Builder()
        .name("serviceType")
        .value("service")
        .operator("stringEquals")
        .build();

ResourceTag policyResourceTag = new ResourceTag.Builder()
        .name("project")
        .value("prototype")
        .operator("stringEquals")
        .build();

PolicyResource policyResources = new PolicyResource.Builder()
        .addAttributes(accountIdResourceAttribute)
        .addAttributes(serviceNameResourceAttribute)
        .addTags(policyResourceTag)
        .build();

CreatePolicyOptions options = new CreatePolicyOptions.Builder()
        .type("access")
        .subjects(Arrays.asList(policySubjects))
        .roles(Arrays.asList(policyRoles))
        .resources(Arrays.asList(policyResources))
        .build();

Response<Policy> response = service.createPolicy(options).execute();
Policy policy = response.getResult();

System.out.println(policy);

const policySubjects = [
  {
    attributes: [
      {
        name: 'iam_id',
        value: exampleUserId,
      },
    ],
  },
];
const policyRoles = [
  {
    role_id: 'crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer',
  },
];
const accountIdResourceAttribute = {
  name: 'accountId',
  value: exampleAccountId,
  operator: 'stringEquals',
};
const serviceNameResourceAttribute = {
  name: 'serviceType',
  value: 'service',
  operator: 'stringEquals',
};
const policyResourceTag = {
  name: 'project',
  operator: 'stringEquals',
  value: 'prototype',
};
const policyResources = [
  {
    attributes: [accountIdResourceAttribute, serviceNameResourceAttribute],
    tags: [policyResourceTag],
  },
];
const params = {
  type: 'access',
  subjects: policySubjects,
  roles: policyRoles,
  resources: policyResources,
};

iamPolicyManagementService.createPolicy(params)
  .then(res => {
    examplePolicyId = res.result.id;
    console.log(JSON.stringify(res.result, null, 2));
  })
  .catch(err => {
    console.warn(err)
  });

policy_subjects = PolicySubject(
  attributes=[SubjectAttribute(name='iam_id', value=example_user_id)])
policy_roles = PolicyRole(
  role_id='crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer')
account_id_resource_attribute = ResourceAttribute(
  name='accountId', value=example_account_id)
service_name_resource_attribute = ResourceAttribute(
  name='serviceType', value='service')
policy_resource_tag = ResourceTag(
  name='project', value='prototype')
policy_resources = PolicyResource(
  attributes=[account_id_resource_attribute,
        service_name_resource_attribute],
  tags=[policy_resource_tag])

policy = iam_policy_management_service.create_policy(
  type='access',
  subjects=[policy_subjects],
  roles=[policy_roles],
  resources=[policy_resources]
).get_result()

print(json.dumps(policy, indent=2))

subjectAttribute := &iampolicymanagementv1.SubjectAttribute{
  Name:  core.StringPtr("iam_id"),
  Value: &exampleUserID,
}
policySubjects := &iampolicymanagementv1.PolicySubject{
  Attributes: []iampolicymanagementv1.SubjectAttribute{*subjectAttribute},
}
policyRoles := &iampolicymanagementv1.PolicyRole{
  RoleID: core.StringPtr("crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer"),
}
accountIDResourceAttribute := &iampolicymanagementv1.ResourceAttribute{
  Name:     core.StringPtr("accountId"),
  Value:    core.StringPtr(exampleAccountID),
  Operator: core.StringPtr("stringEquals"),
}
serviceNameResourceAttribute := &iampolicymanagementv1.ResourceAttribute{
  Name:     core.StringPtr("serviceType"),
  Value:    core.StringPtr("service"),
  Operator: core.StringPtr("stringEquals"),
}
policyResourceTag := &iampolicymanagementv1.ResourceTag{
  Name:     core.StringPtr("project"),
  Value:    core.StringPtr("prototype"),
  Operator: core.StringPtr("stringEquals"),
}
policyResources := &iampolicymanagementv1.PolicyResource{
  Attributes: []iampolicymanagementv1.ResourceAttribute{
    *accountIDResourceAttribute, *serviceNameResourceAttribute},
  Tags: []iampolicymanagementv1.ResourceTag{*policyResourceTag},
}

options := iamPolicyManagementService.NewCreatePolicyOptions(
  "access",
  []iampolicymanagementv1.PolicySubject{*policySubjects},
  []iampolicymanagementv1.PolicyRole{*policyRoles},
  []iampolicymanagementv1.PolicyResource{*policyResources},
)

policy, response, err := iamPolicyManagementService.CreatePolicy(options)
if err != nil {
  panic(err)
}
b, _ := json.MarshalIndent(policy, "", "  ")
fmt.Println(string(b))

设置访问预期响应

{
  "id": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "type": "access",
  "description": "Viewer role access for all instances of SERVICE_NAME in the account.",
  "subjects": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "iam_id",
          "value": "IBMid-123453user"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "roles": [
    {
      "roles_id": "crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer"
    }
  ],
  "resources": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "accountId",
          "value": "ACCOUNT_ID",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "serviceName",
          "value": "SERVICE_NAME",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        {
          "name": "project",
          "value": "moonshot",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "pipeline",
          "value": "test",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "href": "https://iam.cloud.ibm.com/v1/policies/12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "created_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "created_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "last_modified_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "last_modified_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "state": "active"
}

{
  "id": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "type": "access",
  "description": "Viewer role access for all instances of SERVICE_NAME in the account.",
  "subjects": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "iam_id",
          "value": "IBMid-123453user"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "roles": [
    {
      "roles_id": "crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer"
    }
  ],
  "resources": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "accountId",
          "value": "ACCOUNT_ID",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "serviceName",
          "value": "SERVICE_NAME",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        {
          "name": "project",
          "value": "moonshot",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "pipeline",
          "value": "test",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "href": "https://iam.cloud.ibm.com/v1/policies/12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "created_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "created_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "last_modified_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "last_modified_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "state": "active"
}

{
  "id": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "type": "access",
  "description": "Viewer role access for all instances of SERVICE_NAME in the account.",
  "subjects": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "iam_id",
          "value": "IBMid-123453user"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "roles": [
    {
      "roles_id": "crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer"
    }
  ],
  "resources": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "accountId",
          "value": "ACCOUNT_ID",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "serviceName",
          "value": "SERVICE_NAME",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        {
          "name": "project",
          "value": "moonshot",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "pipeline",
          "value": "test",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "href": "https://iam.cloud.ibm.com/v1/policies/12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "created_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "created_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "last_modified_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "last_modified_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "state": "active"
}

{
  "id": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "type": "access",
  "description": "Viewer role access for all instances of SERVICE_NAME in the account.",
  "subjects": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "iam_id",
          "value": "IBMid-123453user"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "roles": [
    {
      "roles_id": "crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer"
    }
  ],
  "resources": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "accountId",
          "value": "ACCOUNT_ID",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "serviceName",
          "value": "SERVICE_NAME",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        {
          "name": "project",
          "value": "moonshot",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "pipeline",
          "value": "test",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "href": "https://iam.cloud.ibm.com/v1/policies/12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "created_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "created_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "last_modified_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "last_modified_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "state": "active"
}

{
  "id": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "type": "access",
  "description": "Viewer role access for all instances of SERVICE_NAME in the account.",
  "subjects": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "iam_id",
          "value": "IBMid-123453user"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "roles": [
    {
      "roles_id": "crn:v1:bluemix:public:iam::::role:Viewer"
    }
  ],
  "resources": [
    {
      "attributes": [
        {
          "name": "accountId",
          "value": "ACCOUNT_ID",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "serviceName",
          "value": "SERVICE_NAME",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        {
          "name": "project",
          "value": "moonshot",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        },
        {
          "name": "pipeline",
          "value": "test",
          "operator": "stringEquals"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "href": "https://iam.cloud.ibm.com/v1/policies/12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
  "created_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "created_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "last_modified_at": "2018-08-30T14:09:09.907Z",
  "last_modified_by_id": "USER_ID",
  "state": "active"
}

使用 API 将用户添加到访问组

要使用 API 将用户添加到访问组，请调用 IAM 访问组 API，如以下示例中所示。

curl -X PUT -H "Authorization: {iam_token}" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"members": [ {"iam_id": "IBMid-user1", "type": "user"}, {"iam_id": "iam-ServiceId-123", "type": "service"} ]}' "{base_url}/groups/{access_group_id}/members"

AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem member1 = new AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem.Builder()
  .iamId("IBMid-user1")
  .type("user")
  .build();
AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem member2 = new AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem.Builder()
  .iamId("iam-ServiceId-123")
  .type("service")
  .build();
AddMembersToAccessGroupOptions addMembersToAccessGroupOptions = new AddMembersToAccessGroupOptions.Builder()
  .accessGroupId(testGroupId)
  .addMembers(member1)
  .addMembers(member2)
  .build();
Response<AddGroupMembersResponse> response = service.addMembersToAccessGroup(addMembersToAccessGroupOptions).execute();
AddGroupMembersResponse addGroupMembersResponse = response.getResult();

System.out.println(addGroupMembersResponse);

const groupMember1 = {
  iam_id: 'IBMid-user1',
  type: 'user',
};
const groupMember2 = {
  iam_id: 'iam-ServiceId-123',
  type: 'service',
};
const params = {
  accessGroupId: testGroupId,
  members: [groupMember1, groupMember2],
};

iamAccessGroupsService.addMembersToAccessGroup(params)
  .then(res => {
    console.log(JSON.stringify(res.result, null, 2));
  })
  .catch(err => {
    console.warn(err)
  });

member1 = AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem(
  iam_id='IBMid-user1', type='user')
member2 = AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem(
  iam_id='iam-ServiceId-123', type='service')
members = [member1, member2]

add_group_members_response = iam_access_groups_service.add_members_to_access_group(
  access_group_id=test_group_id,
  members=members
).get_result()

print(json.dumps(add_group_members_response, indent=2))

groupMembers := []iamaccessgroupsv2.AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem{
  iamaccessgroupsv2.AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem{
    IamID: core.StringPtr("IBMid-user1"),
    Type:  core.StringPtr("user"),
  },
  iamaccessgroupsv2.AddGroupMembersRequestMembersItem{
    IamID: core.StringPtr("iam-ServiceId-123"),
    Type:  core.StringPtr("service"),
  },
}
addMembersToAccessGroupOptions := iamAccessGroupsService.NewAddMembersToAccessGroupOptions(testGroupID)
addMembersToAccessGroupOptions.SetMembers(groupMembers)
addGroupMembersResponse, response, err := iamAccessGroupsService.AddMembersToAccessGroup(addMembersToAccessGroupOptions)
if err != nil {
  panic(err)
}
b, _ := json.MarshalIndent(addGroupMembersResponse, "", "  ")
fmt.Println(string(b))

或者，您可以通过向访问组添加可信概要文件来授予用户访问权。有关更多信息，请参阅什么是好的可信概要文件策略? 和创建可信概要文件。

添加用户期望的响应

{
  "members": [
    {
      "iam_id": "$IBM_ID",
      "type": "user",
      "created_at": "2019-01-01T01:01:00Z",
      "created_by_id": "CREATOR_ID",
      "status_code": 200
    },
    {
      "iam_id": "$SERVICE_ID",
      "status_code": 400,
      "trace": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
      "errors": [
        {
          "code": "error_occurred",
          "message": "The service id is missing or incorrect"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

{
  "members": [
    {
      "iam_id": "$IBM_ID",
      "type": "user",
      "created_at": "2019-01-01T01:01:00Z",
      "created_by_id": "CREATOR_ID",
      "status_code": 200
    },
    {
      "iam_id": "$SERVICE_ID",
      "status_code": 400,
      "trace": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
      "errors": [
        {
          "code": "error_occurred",
          "message": "The service id is missing or incorrect"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

{
  "members": [
    {
      "iam_id": "$IBM_ID",
      "type": "user",
      "created_at": "2019-01-01T01:01:00Z",
      "created_by_id": "CREATOR_ID",
      "status_code": 200
    },
    {
      "iam_id": "$SERVICE_ID",
      "status_code": 400,
      "trace": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
      "errors": [
        {
          "code": "error_occurred",
          "message": "The service id is missing or incorrect"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

{
  "members": [
    {
      "iam_id": "$IBM_ID",
      "type": "user",
      "created_at": "2019-01-01T01:01:00Z",
      "created_by_id": "CREATOR_ID",
      "status_code": 200
    },
    {
      "iam_id": "$SERVICE_ID",
      "status_code": 400,
      "trace": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
      "errors": [
        {
          "code": "error_occurred",
          "message": "The service id is missing or incorrect"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

{
  "members": [
    {
      "iam_id": "$IBM_ID",
      "type": "user",
      "created_at": "2019-01-01T01:01:00Z",
      "created_by_id": "CREATOR_ID",
      "status_code": 200
    },
    {
      "iam_id": "$SERVICE_ID",
      "status_code": 400,
      "trace": "12345678-abcd-1a2b-a1b2-1234567890ab",
      "errors": [
        {
          "code": "error_occurred",
          "message": "The service id is missing or incorrect"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

使用 Terraform 将用户添加到访问组

在使用 Terraform 将用户添加到访问组之前，请确保已完成以下操作:

安装 Terraform CLI 并为 Terraform 配置 IBM Cloud 提供程序插件。有关更多信息，请参阅 Terraform on IBM Cloud®入门教程。该插件对用于完成此任务的 IBM Cloud API 进行抽象。
创建一个名为 main.tf 的Terraform配置文件。在此文件中，您使用 HashiCorp 配置语言来定义资源。有关更多信息，请参阅 Terraform 文档。

使用以下步骤将用户添加到访问组

在 Terraform 配置文件中，找到用于创建访问组的 Terraform 代码，并记下分配给您的访问组的 access_group_id。
将成员添加到访问组中。
```
resource "ibm_iam_access_group_members" "accgroupmem" {
access_group_id = ibm_iam_access_group.accgroup.id
ibm_ids = ["test@in.ibm.com"]
}
```
有关更多信息，请参阅 Terraform Identity and Access Management(IAM) 页面上的参数参考详细信息。
完成构建配置文件后，初始化 Terraform CLI。有关更多信息，请参阅初始化工作目录。
```
terraform init
```
从 main.tf 文件供应资源。有关更多信息，请参阅使用 Terraform 供应基础架构。
1. 运行 terraform plan 以生成 Terraform 执行计划来预览建议的操作。
```
terraform plan
```
2. 运行 terraform apply 以创建计划中定义的资源。
```
terraform apply
```